专四听力可以这样练（三）

骑着梦的马

专题讲座4
新闻理解备考技巧
根据2004年3月最新版的《高校英语专业四级考试大纲》，新闻部分包括若干篇选自BBC、VOA节目的一些重要国际新闻报道，每篇有一至两个题目，共计十个题。考生要在这部分取得好成绩，应注意以下几点：
英语专业四级听力部分的难点在于新闻。这主要表现在两个方面：一是对新闻词汇和新闻报道的体裁结构缺乏认识，导致听力理解的失误或使其处于空白状态；二是听新闻与读题之间的矛盾——没有时间预读题目；不能边听边读题,即听与看不能同时兼顾；不能听完之后再看题，因为还未对题目做出判断，凭记忆储存的信息或者消失，或者变得模糊，尤其是记忆中某些似是而非的信息，很难对随后的读题起到帮助作用。为了解决这两个问题，我们应该先从新闻报道的文体特征开始。
（1）新闻英语的文体特征
新闻报道(news report) 的功能主要是报道世界上发生的各种重大事件，并以最快的速度传播出去。因此，它的文体自成风格，有别于文学英语、广告英语、科技英语、法律英语等等。其主要特点是“浓缩”——信息的浓缩。篇章结构简单，因而词句平实，显得十分经济，但紧凑和严密。最能表现这种特征的是每则新闻的导语(lead)，它往往根据播报内容的重要性，以最简洁的方式回答五个“W”问题。同时，为了以最节省的文字容纳高浓度的信息量，句子常常大量使用前置修饰语来代替后置的名词修饰语和从句，在基本句型SV 或SVO 的基础上进行扩展，适度地展开其定语和状语结构成份。这种嵌入结构(embedding) 的大量使用，正是典型的新闻英语的句法结构。正是由于嵌入结构的名词和动词修饰成分，使它的文体在风格上不同于学生一般所熟知的文学文体风格，更不同于日常生活会话。句子高度浓缩的新闻报道属于书面语，与句子结构松散的日常会话口语体不同，不利于由听觉途径进行交际，而适宜于视觉途径的交际。它不像后者那样可以运用更为广泛多样的表达方式，如音调、重音、节奏、语气、停顿以及语速的变化等等来传递信息内容。再从新闻英语的遣词来看，新闻记者一般追求简洁的文风，用词也大多比较简短，他们对单音节或少音节的词较为偏爱。同时由于新闻在于表现新鲜的事物，呈现鲜活的印象，词汇的选用也力求标新立异、生动形象，因此，新闻词汇往往是通俗的、富有表现力的新词，或者是浓缩词语。由于音节的短小，声音停留于听觉器官上的时间也相应短促，在这种情况下，大脑对声音所作的反应、判断的可辨因素是非常有限的。所以，当这些不利于听觉器官接受的因素出现的时候，听力理解必定要受到一定程度的削弱。
下面是一则新闻报道简讯，从中我们可以看出新闻报道通常的篇章结构和用词特点：
Israelis, Palestinians Hurt in Widespread Clashes GAZA (Reuters) Israeli troops shot and wounded at least 20 Palestinians, including a child, when violent clashes broke out in the West Bank and Gaza Strip Sunday over the release of Palestinians jailed in Israel, witnesses said. Witnesses said live ammunition wounded one Palestinian and 11 were injured by rubber-coated metal bullets during a protest by dozens of Palestinians near an army camp outside the Jewish settlement of Netzarim in largely Palestinian-ruled Gaza.
第一句的导语用了一个带WHEN 的主从复合句,回答了五个W的提问，虽然句子很长，但它的基本句型结构都是SVO，在扩展的状语中交代了事件的时间、地点和原因。接下来的一句便是进一步的细节交代。如果听懂了导语，便听懂了这篇新闻报道的主要内容。而导语的听力难点在后一状语分句中，其中的几个单词具有新闻词汇特点：clashes, the West Bank , Gaza Strip , release , Palestinians , Israel.这里面包含四个专用名词和两个具有新闻用词特色的名词。对导语的理解有两个难点：一是对词汇的掌握；二是对结构的熟悉，尤其是对状语部分的了解。
再看下面的同一则新闻报道:
Israelis, Palestinians Hurt in Widespread Clashes GAZA ( Reuters )-Israeli troops shot and wounded at least 20 Palestinians, including a child , when violent clashes broke out in the West Bank and Gaza Strip on Sunday over the release of Palestinians jailed in Israel, witnesses said. Witnesses said live ammunition wounded one Palestinian and 11 were injured by rubber-coated metal bullets during a protest by dozens of Palestinians near an army camp outside the Jewish settlement of Netzarim in largely Palestinian-ruled Gaza. They said Palestinian youths threw stones at Israeli soldiers guarding Netzarim and soldiers fired back. The Israeli army said soldiers used“riot control techniques”to disperse demonstrators. Demonstrations also took place near the West Bank city of Nablus where Israeli soldiers shot and wounded at least eight Palestinian protesters. Medical officials said two of the protesters were shot by live bullets. Israel’s army said two soldiers were lightly wounded by stones in clashes which erupted near Ramallah in the West Bank. Sunday’s violence erupted following a week of activities to raise awareness at the plight of the 1,650 Palestinian prisoners jailed by Israel. Palestinian prisoners have been hunger striking for over two weeks to demand their immediate release.
在这篇新闻报道中，导语将最重要的内容推出，正文——导语以后的段落——是以事实的重要程度依次进行具体细节的补充部分。这是典型的倒金字塔叙述方法，也是新闻报道最常见的篇章结构。这种结构有利于读者的阅读和编辑的剪裁，如上面的简讯，就是摘取了这篇报道的开头两句。这种结构可以根据篇幅，对细节进行充分的扩展，如上面的报道，作者根据时间的先后、地点的远近、事件的主要原因和次要原因作了详尽的叙述，如果有篇幅，还可以继续扩展下去。反之，也可以从文中的后部开始剪裁、浓缩。这种篇章结构以及新闻词汇正是新闻听力中应该熟悉的内容，同时也是造成听力困难的主要原因。
（2）了解英语新闻听力的词汇要求
由于英语新闻是以口头为主要表达方式，它一方面是以传播信息为目的，经过加工提炼的口语体，其语法规范，言简意赅；另一方面；因其受众面广，它又必须通俗易懂，具有很强的可听性。因为人的正常语速往往要高于阅读速度，因此英语新闻必须考虑到受众的接收和理解能力，在措词上尽量简洁明了，避免诘屈聱牙、生僻少用、文绉绉的怪词，或者是多音节的长词，而是偏爱短而明快的、口语化的常用词。
除了掌握新闻词汇的特殊性外，考生还必须在平时学习过程中注意花些时间来掌握政治、经济、科技、工农业、体育、教育、文化、宗教、法律等领域的基础词汇。因为新闻的题材十分广泛，内容涉及到我们生活的各个方面。
（3）选择适当的听力材料，采取适当的练习方法
要想在新闻听力部分取得好成绩，大量的、持久的训练是必不可少的。随着现代化教学设备的发展，同学们训练新闻听力除了每天坚持收听BBC和VOA的节目外也可以在市面上购买到许多最近新闻材料的合集，这些书除了配有录音外往往还附有文字材料，是提高新闻听力的好材料。另外，不少优秀的网站（如：http://www.putclub.com/；http://www.tingroom.com/）都提供有实时在线新闻节目的收听。
对于采用何种方法训练才比较合适，成效显著。根据编者的经验认为应该这样进行：
第一，读、听结合，相得益彰——阅读新闻报道，使之成为教学的一个部分。笔者所教的大多数学生所反映出来的学习情况往往是这样：虽然坚持收听几个月或半年多的英语广播，但仍然有许多学生反映“新闻听力没有多大的进展”、“不懂新闻的句子结构”、“不懂新闻词汇”、“还是听不懂”等。这些问题反映出的一个重要现象是新闻听力缺乏指导，缺乏方法。听前没有一定的准备和要求，听后没有针对问题进行及时的解决和总结，片面强调了“听”的过程的重要性，使听力处于一种随意的状态,以至于有的学生以新闻广播做催眠之用而忽略了对“听”的效果的评估。从认知角度看，有方法、有要求的学习是有意识的学习，而无方法、无要求的学习是无意识的学习，这两者在学习的后效上是有差别的。
首先,听力与阅读能力一样，是一种由速度、记忆、判断、概括与理解紧密结合在一起的综合能力，是两种本质相同的语言接受能力，所遵循的思维方式基本一致。从语言的本质来看语言是音义结合的词汇和语法体系。声音和意义构成语言的整体，它们是互相补充的。在学习过程中,对声音的接收可以帮助理解意义，对意义的认识可以帮助对语音的进一步巩固。比如,当/ lain/ 这个音传入我们的耳朵里时，我们便在进行辨义，是nine [nain]还是line [lain]? 试图建立音义之间的联系；如果line这个字符进入我们的眼帘，我们的理解过程往往从语音到语义，会不自觉地默读[lain]，再反映出它的意义来。此外，从听力中遇到的困难来看，阅读无疑是解决这些困难的有效途径。通过阅读扩大词汇量，尤其是新闻词汇量；通过阅读了解新闻背景；通过阅读把握新闻报道的句型结构和篇章结构。因此，阅读与听力同时进行可以使这两种能力都得到提高。只有持之以恒，听和读才能形成良性循环，产生积极的效果。
第二，安排一定的时间进行新闻精听。新闻精听，即抽取一些具有代表性的新闻录音材料，反复播放，多次收听，全面、细致地领会其内容。新闻精听可以安排一定的时间，有计划地进行。新闻精听的目的是详细地了解所听内容，以达到完全理解的程度。在精听的过程中，力图解决几个具体问题：从导语开始，熟悉其主要的句型结构，抓住中心意思及其与五个“W”的关联；正文(body)的具体细节和补充成分；总结新闻词汇及其搭配形式。导语是整篇新闻的灵魂,而导语有两点给听力造成困难：一是它属于新闻的第一句话，学生往往会因为思想一时没有进入状态而忽略之；二是它的句法结构紧凑，信息高度浓缩，句子往往是一个扩展的SV(O)句型，满缀着从句、名词性修饰语、人名、地名以及表示时间、数量等的成分。因此，听懂导语应该是听懂新闻的突破口，也是训练的重点所在。训练的具体办法就是多听。此外,对导语中的人名、地名等生疏词汇，需要进行总结。弄懂并习惯这些人名地名的读音，对于扫清听力理解时的心理障碍也是重要的。对于正文听力的要点，要学会如何抓住导语后的第一个事实，以句子的动词为纲，环环相扣，掌握整篇新闻的中心大意。在精听的时候,有必要在理解句子结构的基础上用短语或意群来进行词汇的听力训练，也就是说，词汇的听力训练最后还应该回到句子中去，完成句子对听觉的刺激。精听的目的是让学生对新闻体裁有比较完整的把握，使学生对新闻结构和新闻的表达方式有比较清晰的认识。
在训练新闻听力的时候，我建议考生们“精听为主，重视泛听，精泛结合”。所谓精听泛听就和我们的精读泛读课程一样，前者注重深度，后者强调广度。精听要求从“六个W”（即what, when, where, who, why, how 这六个方面）入手，理解所有细节问题；而泛听则抓住大意即可。一篇材料可以先进行泛听，抓住大意，然后进行精听，理清细节；也可针对不同材料采取不同的听音方式，比如时事性强的材料用来精听，故事情节生动有趣的材料用来泛听。考生要切记精听、泛听是提高听力不可缺少的两部分，训练时必须相互结合，每次训练都要保证至少精听一段，同时确保一定量的泛听，在持之以恒的训练下，英语新闻听力水平才会得到稳步提高。
（4）努力扩大知识面，积累相关背景知识
英语新闻的内容主要涉及时事政治，但也包括其他方面的内容，如历史、地理、政治、经济、科技、工农业、体育、教育、文化、宗教、法律等，所以在平时的学习中，考生要注意扩大自己的知识面，积累丰富的相关背景知识。考生平时应该养成常读China Daily, Beijing Review 等报刊杂志的习惯。这方面知识的积累是提高新闻听力理解水平的一个有效途径。
（5）科学运用考试技巧
首先要充分利用时间预读考题，这一点是非常重要的。预读考题时可以根据提干和各选项推测新闻的大致内容，是有关政治的、经济的还是科技的，有个大致的方向。对于关键词可以做上记号，将其作为听音的重点。如果考生平时有收听新闻，阅读报纸杂志的好习惯，那么碰巧遇上自己知道的新闻事件，也许仅从试题的选项就可以推测出新闻的内容甚至选出正确答案。
在听的时候，要集中精力，根据新闻的结构把握其核心，听取不同的重点，适当的作笔记作为辅助。答题时仔细审题，注意时间，做到有条不紊，沉着应试，正常发挥自己应有的水平，考出自己理想的成绩。

3.3.2 真题分析
专业四级中的新闻题材大体上能分成五大类：政治类、经贸类、军事类、科技类及其他类。而所涉及的题型主要有：主旨题、细节题、计算题、判断题、推理题等。下面我们就选择部分历年的真题来帮助考生们熟悉一下各类新闻题材及题型的特征。
3.3.2.1政治类
政治类的新闻主要涉及国际间外交或国内的政治等问题，所涉及的国家多、地域广且大多是在全球具有重大政治影响力的国家例如美国、俄罗斯、英国、法国、日本等，或是国内政治动荡、不稳定的国家与地区例如中东地区、非洲部分国家。同学们平时应该多了解国内外大事以积累背景知识。
例1 (TEM4-1996)
Questions 19 to 20 are based on the following news.
     Secretary of State, Warren Christopher, has wrapped up his latest trip to the Middle East, saying the peace process is progressing. Mr. Christopher says that he will leave the region Thursday assured that the picture is much less gloomy than suggested by recent reports. During two days of talks, Mr. Christopher met with Israeli Prime Minister Isaac Rabin and Foreign Minister Simon Paez in Israel, and with PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat in the Gaza Strip. He also met with Syrian President Hafez Assad in Damascus.
本条新闻讲述的是美国国务卿沃伦克里斯托弗为了实现中东和平而前往中东。他认为和平进程正在进展当中。他先后会晤了以色列前总理拉宾，外长佩雷斯以及巴解****领导人阿拉法特和叙利亚总统阿萨德。
19. Mr. Warren Christopher _____.
A. believed there is hope for peace
B. will report to the UN on Thursday
C. will hold more talks before leaving the region
D. is not sure that the peace process will succeed
20. With whom did Mr. Christopher NOT meet?
A. The Syrian President.
B. The PLO leader.
C. The Jordanian President.
D. The Israeli Prime Minister.
参考答案：
19. A，细节题，从“Secretary of State, Warren Christopher, has wrapped up his latest trip to the Middle East, saying the peace process is progressing.”一句中可以知道正确答案。
20. C，判断题，从新闻中可以听到，Mr. Christopher见过的人有Israeli Prime Minister, Israeli Foreign Minister, PLO Chairman, Syrian President.结合答案逐一判断可以选出正确答案。
例2 (TEM4-2002)
Question 24 to 25 are based on the following news.
     The combined left-wing opposition in France has defeated President Jacque Chirac’s ruling Conservative Coalition in the first round of the country’s parliamentary elections. Projections by French television gave the socialist-led opposition 40% of the vote, and Mr. Chirac’s centre-right coalition 37%. If the left secures a majority of seats in parliament, socialist leader Lionel Jospin would likely become Prime Minister in a power-sharing arrangement with President Chirac.
本条新闻讲述的是法国议会选举的情况。****的反对派联盟击败了总统希拉克的执政保守联盟。
24. The winners of the reported elections are _____.
A. the left-wing conservative
B. the left-wing socialists
C. the centre-right conservatives
D. the centre-right socialists
25. If the left secures the parliamentary majority, _____.
A. Chirac will share his presidential power with Jospin
B. Jospin will share his prime ministerial power with Chirac
C. Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will retain his presidency.
D. Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will resign
参考答案：
24. B，细节题，从“If the left secures a majority of seats in parliament, socialist leader Lionel Jospin would likely become Prime Minister in a power-sharing arrangement with President Chirac.”可知正确答案。
25.C，细节题，解释同上。
例3 (TEM4-2003)
Question 22 is based on the following news.
     Airlines are being hit with huge increases to insure their planes after the terrorist attacks in the United States. Goshore Insurance Holdings with insured aircraft around the world said rates have soared as much as ten fold since the 9.11 terror attacks. Airlines around the world have cut services and dismissed staff as their business had plunged in the terrorist week of crisis. They are also struggling with the increased security costs.
这篇新闻讲述的是“9.11”恐怖袭击后航空业的情况。“9.11”后美国各航空公司的投保数量增加了10倍，但是航空公司的生意仍不如从前。
22. After the terrorist attacks in the United States, insurance rates soared as much as _____.
A. 100%
B. 200%
C. 500%
D. 1000%
参考答案：
22. D，计算题，新闻中第二句话“Goshore Insurance Holdings with insured aircraft around the world said rates have soared as much as ten fold since the 9.11 terror attacks.”的数据经过简单计算可以得出正确答案。
3.3.2.2经济类
经济类的新闻主要涉及国内国际际间经济贸易发展及来往等问题。所涉及的国家大多是经济发达、贸易来往频繁，在全球具有重大影响力的国家，如美国、俄罗斯、英国、法国、日本等。同学们平时应该多熟悉国际经济的大体动态及情况，听得时候会有事半功倍的效果。
例1 (TEM4-1999)
Question 19 is based on the following news.
     The top three US auto-makers have decided not to proceed with plans to file a trade complaint against Japanese auto-makers. General Motors, Ford and Chrysler had planned to accuse Japanese companies of dumping cars below market prices in the US. But they dropped the idea, citing a pledge by the Clinton Administration to address the US-Japan trade imbalance.
新闻主要讲述的是美国汽车制造业三巨头通用、福特和克莱斯勒决定放弃对日本汽车制造商的倾销投诉，而由克林顿****去解决美国和日本汽车贸易不平衡问题。
19. The US auto-makers decide to stop their action because _____.
A. Japanese auto-makers promised to stop dumping cars in the US
B. the Government promised to solve the US-Japan trade imbalance
C. three US companies have ended the US-Japan trade imbalance
D. Japan agreed to sell cars at the agreed prices inside the US
参考答案：
19. B，细节题，从新闻最后一句“But they dropped the idea, citing a pledge by the Clinton Administration to address the US-Japan trade imbalance.”可以得出正确答案。
例2 (TEM4-1999)
Question 24 to 25 are based on the following news.
     The Western European Union, the defense organization linking most countries of the European Community, is meeting in Luxembourg to discuss ways to reinforce economic sanctions against the Serbs by tightening controls on the River Danube. It is expected to approve proposals to send petrol boats manned by armed police and customs officers with powers to search and turn back ships suspected of breaking the sanctions.
     International efforts to isolate Serbia have been undermined by ships carrying oil and other illegal supplies from the Black Sea region along the Danube into former Yugoslavia, often ignoring attempts by local authorities to stop them. It is reported that most of the illegal traffic of goods is believed to be arriving in Serbia over land from Greece and the former Yugoslavia Republic of Macedonia.
本条新闻讲述的是西欧联盟讨论如何通过加强控制多瑙河来重新实施对塞尔维亚的经济制裁。
24. What is the purpose of the meeting in Luxembourg?
A. To control patrol boats on the River Danube.
B. To end economic sanctions against Serbia.
C. To step up economic sanctions against Serbia.
D. To send police officers to search the river.
25. International efforts against Serbia have been ineffective because _____.
A. ships carrying illegal supplies still sail along the river
B. more illegal goods have been carried over land
C. local authorities didn’t attempt to stop illegal goods
D. there has been disagreement over economic sanctions
参考答案:
24.C，细节题，从新闻中原句“The Western European Union, …to discuss ways to reinforce economic sanctions against the Serbs by tightening controls on the River Danube.”可以知道正确答案。
25.A，推理题，从新闻中句子“other illegal supplies from the Black Sea region along the Danube into former Yugoslavia”可以推测出正确答案。
3.3.2.3 军事类
军事类的新闻主要涉及国内国际间的一些重要事件或****。由于新闻中多多少少会涉及一些专业术语，可能会使同学们感觉这类新闻稍为难一些，故同学们平时应该多熟悉一些相关的军事词汇。
例1 (TEM4-2003)
Question 20 to21 are based on the following news.
     A police spokesman said, the devices were made safe by explosive experts in Ardorn District, where a woman was shot in the leg and 13 police officers were injured during the second successive night of violence. Northern Ireland’s police chief had earlier called on community leaders to work together to end the violence. The violence has erupted radically throughout the summer of sectarian tension in Northern Belfast.
新闻主要讲述的是北爱尔兰连续两起暴力事件中，一妇女腿部中弹，十三名****受伤的事件。
20. Altogether how many people were injured during the violence?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 13
D. 14
21. How long has the violence lasted?
A. For one day.
B. For two days.
C. For the whole summer.
D. For one year.
参考答案：
20. D，计算题，从新闻中句子“where a woman was shot in the leg and 13 police officers”作简单计算可以得出正确答案。
21. C，推测题，从新闻最后一个句子“The violence has erupted radically throughout the summer of sectarian tension in Northern Belfast.”可以推测出正确答案。
3.3.2.4 科技类
科技类新闻主要选择的事件都是近来科技领域的新发明、新发现，或在科技能源领域有争议的问题，具有重大历史意义的事件，如中国第一架载人航天飞机升空等等。科技类新闻往往由于题材新、词汇陌生而使考生倍感困难，所以平时必须留心科技前沿的重大成就，并养成收集新词的好习惯是提高理解科技新闻的有效途径。
例1 (TEM4-2001)
Question 22 to23 are based on the following news.
     The Space Shuttle Discovery made a real night landing at Kennedy Space Center early on Thursday. The night landing, the 11th in the center’s 94 shuttle missions, ended a 10-day mission to outfit the orbiting international space station. Although the spacecraft created a solid boom that can be heard along much of Florida’s eastern seaboard, witnesses on the ground could not see the orbiter until it was directly over the one-way lights. Scattered showers off the Florida coast had threatened to postpone the shuttle’s return. But broadcasters gave a green light when they decided no rain will fall within 48 kilometers of the space center.
新闻主要讲述的是美国发现号航天飞机在夜间着陆于肯尼迪宇航中心的事件。
22. The Space Shuttle Discovery completed a _____ mission upon to the Kennedy Space Center.?
A. 11-day
B. 94-day
C. 10-day
D. 49-day
23. When the spacecraft was going to land, _____.
A. it produced a lot of noise
B. there were scattered showers
C. people could see it high in the sky
D. people could neither see nor hear it.
参考答案：
22. C，细节题，从新闻中句子“The night landing, the 11th in the center’s 94 shuttle missions, ended a 10-day mission”可以得出正确答案。
23. B，推测题，从新闻中句子“Scattered showers off the Florida coast had threatened to postpone the shuttle’s return.”可以推测出正确答案。
3.3.2.5 其他类
除去新闻中的主要热点政治、经济、军事和科技类新闻以外的其它报道，我们统称他们为其他类新闻。主要内容包括社会治安、宗教法律、武装****、环境污染、趣事轶闻、以及自然或人为灾难等事件。其他类新闻范围广、题材丰富，考生平时应该有意识的培养自己多方面的兴趣，多了解周围发生的有新闻意义的事件，从而丰富自己的背景知识，对于理解这类新闻起到良好的帮助作用。
例1 (TEM4-1998)
Question 18 is based on the following news.
     Heavy rains and overflowing rivers have caused extensive flooding in some parts of the US midwest and eastern regions of the US as well. Melting snow and new snowfall in the midwest states of Iowa, Michigan and Indiana have driven rivers over their banks, and have cut off electricity to thousands of customers.
In the eastern states of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and West Virginia, flooding has damaged homes and forced evacuations in several countries.
新闻主要讲述的是美国中西部由暴雨和洪水引起大面积水灾的事件。
18. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Heavy rains and storms caused rivers to overflow.
B. Flooding forced evacuations in several countries.
C. Flooding damaged homes and cut off electricity.
D. Heavy rains and flooding kept banks closed.
参考答案：
18. B，判断题，从新闻中最后一句话“flooding has damaged homes and forced evacuations in several countries.”可以判断得出正确答案。
例2 (TEM4-1996)
Question 18 is based on the following news.
A 15-year-old schoolboy, Peter Anderson, of Stratford-on-Avon was recovering at home yesterday after being trapped all night in a cold store at a butcher’s shop where he works after school. The door swung shut as he was putting meat into the store. He realized that he was left all alone, after he had shouted and kicked the door and no one answered. He kept warm by jumping and running for about 10 of 14 hours.
新闻主要讲述的是一名15岁的男孩在冷库中被困整个晚上，在自己的努力下被救苏醒的事件。
18. What happened to the schoolboy?
A. He forgot to lock the cold store door.
B. He was forced to work throughout the night.
C. He caught cold while working at the butcher’s..
D. He was locked up by accident in a cold store.
参考答案：
18. D，细节题，从新闻中句子“The door swung shut as he was putting meat into the store.”可以得出正确答案。
例3 (TEM4-1996)
Question 23 to 24 are based on the following news.
A Pakistani lawyer said the resumption of the trial of eight foreign aid workers accused of preaching Christianity in Afghanistan has been put off until Sunday. He had met earlier Saturday with the aid workers, 2 Americans, 2 Australians and 4 Germans. They insisted they were in Afghanistan to help the poor, not to convert them. The penalty for these captured aid workers could range from expulsion to a jail term or death sentence.
新闻主要讲述的是八个外国人被指控在阿富汗传教的事件。
23. Eight foreign aid workers were arrested in Afghanistan because of their _____ activities.
A. political
B. espionage
C. religious
D. relief
24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the penalties？
A. A fine.
B. Expulsion.
C.A jail term.
D. Death sentence.
参考答案：
23. C，细节题，从新闻中首句“A Pakistani lawyer said the resumption of the trial of eight foreign aid workers accused of preaching Christianity in Afghanistan”可以得出正确答案。
24. A，判断题，从新闻中末句“The penalty for these captured aid workers could range from expulsion to a jail term or death sentence.”可以判断得出正确答案。