高中英语课外辅导:高考“宠儿”but
but在英语中是一个非常活跃的词,因此它备受高考命题者的青睐,2004年,共有五个省、市的试卷出现了有关but的命题,由此可见but在中学英语中的重要性。那么,but有哪些用法呢?且看本文为你完全解读。 一、but作连词
but作为连词连接同等成分或句子表示转折时,有以下两种情况:
1. but连接两个并列分句,多译为“但是”。如:
Mary is a nice girl, but she has one shortcoming. 玛丽是一个好姑娘,但她有一个缺点。
He is not a foreigner, but he speaks English with an accent of America. 他不是外国人,但他说英语时带有美国口音。
考题展示:
1) The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ________ they will save us money in the long run.
A. or B. since C. for D. but (Key: D)
2) —I don't like chicken ________ fish.
—I don't like chicken, ________ I like fish very much.
A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or; and (Key: C)
2. but在表示歉意的话后,引起一个句子(通常不能译为“但是”,一般不译出)。如:
I'm sorry, but I disagree with you. 对不起,我和你意见相左。
Excuse me, but aren't you Mr. Green? 对不起,难道你不是格林先生吗?
考题展示:
I hope you don't mind me asking, ________ where did you buy those shoes?
A. so B. and C. yet D. but (Key: D)
二、but作介词
but作为介词,意为“除……以外”, 相当于except。它只能作后置定语。句子谓语动词的单复数和but前面的名词或代词一致。如:
I have read all the books here but one. 这儿的书除一本外,我全读了。
Nothing but some desks was left in the room. 房间里除了一些课桌外什么也没有。
考题展示:
1) All but one ________ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were (Key: D)
2) Nobody but Jane ________ the secret.
A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known (Key: B)
三、but构成的短语
1. not only...but also“不仅……而且”,not only...but also可以连接两个名词、代词或从句,当连接两个名词、代词作主语时,谓语的数与相邻的名词或代词(即but also连接的名词)保持一致。如:
Not only you but also he is right. 不仅你正确,他也正确。
注意:not only...but also 连接两个句子时,如果not only位于句首,句子要部分倒装。如:
Not only is he a teacher but also he is a doctor. 他不但是一位老师,而且还是一位医生。
考题展示:
Not only I but also Jane and Mary ________ tired of having one exhibition after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be (Key: B)
2. cannot but “不得不”,“不禁要” ,其后面要跟不带to的不定式。如:
I cannot but complain about the food. 我不得不抱怨这食物。
He couldn't but do the housework by himself. 他只能自己做家务。
3. do nothing but “只有”,“只好”,其后跟不带to的不定式。如:
He does nothing but study hard. 他只有努力学习。
We can do nothing but obey the order. 我们只能听从命令。
4. have no choice but “不得不”,“别无选择”, 其后跟不带to的不定式。如:
The hibernating animal has no choice but lie down and sleep. 冬眠动物别无选择,只好躺下睡觉。
He has no choice but enter that college. 他不得不进入那所大学读书。
5. but for “要不是” ,句子谓语要用虚拟语气。如:
But for your help, I couldn't have succeeded. 要不是你的帮助,我不可能成功。
But for the rain, we should have had a good journey. 要是不下雨的话,我们的旅行肯定愉快。