赖世雄高级英语文本第一课（MP3录音文本）

steven19731001

Welcome to Radio English on Sunday.
This is Bruce.
/ and this is Peter Lai.
/ Welcome to our show. Today we're going to look at unit one, on page one, but before we start, let's give you some idea of what you can expect to learn with us on Radio English on Sunday. We have lots and lots of interesting, useful and informative topics for you. We will be taking a look at some of the most interesting and important places in the world, (as) some interesting animals, and customs, culture, a little bit history, too. All these for you on Radio English on Sunday.
/ By the way, this is an article featured in the biggest city of the world, New York, is that all right?
/ Well, that's the thing biggest English speaking city of the world and it's the biggest city in the US.
/ And Bruce is quite familiar with the city because he was brought up there and fortunately he's still a very good guy, right?
/ Well, I love New York, and we have a lot of interesting things for you to find out about this great city on our program today.
Well, what will we be doing for you for every article is reading them paragraph by paragraph, and then going back to give you first the main idea of each paragraph, and then Peter will choose some important or useful phrases for us spend a little more attention to.
Let's Visit New York.
New York, New York, the city is so nice, they named it twice. These words were used to describe New York when it was by far the largest, richest and most developed city in the US. Yew York still remains the largest and most famous city in the US today, but some of its nice reputation has fallen over the past thirty years with stories of (wrappon---->rampant) crime making headlines around the world. How true are these stories? Is New York still a nice place to visit? If so, what can a tourist do in New York? Let's take a closer look at the America's premier city.
This paragraph tells us what you can expect to learn in today's article. We have all heard of New York, of course, and most people know that it is the largest city in the US, but some people have also heard that it has a kind of bad name--maybe a dangerous city to visit. Well, is it? We'll find out when we take a closer look at New York in today's article.
本讲座Pan将不再记录中文的讲解部分。
/to make headlines,
/If you do something which makes headlines, you do something which makes the news. People start writing about it or put it on TV or here on the radio. So if something is very exciting or important, we say that it makes headlines.
/ Wow, that's really gross! That's disgusting!
/ Peter's strange behavior made headlines.
"remier" has a couple of meanings. Here it refers as an adjective, something which is the best or the most important. But a Premier is a political position at or near the head of a government.
Sometimes it means "rime Minister".
/ Yeah, it depends on the country. The "remier" is a position which in some countries as President and in other countries is Prime Minister.
/But obviously here in the article, the word is used as an adjective, meaning "the best", the "number one" city.
First, as personal and social security are always uppermost in the minds of travelers, just how dangerous a city is New York. Despite the glaring headlines, New York located in the North Eastern US, is one of the safest cities in the US. In fact, New York State, which includes New York city, thus, "New York New York, the city is so nice, they named it twice", ranks below other big population states like California in both violent crime of much concern to the tourists and property crime. Other major cities have higher crime rates, too. Thus, the foreign travelers to New York city can feel more secure here than in most other large metropolitan area of the US.
Now in this paragraph, we answered the question which we looked at in the first paragraph, how true are these stories. These stories about New York's (Wapponed---rampant) crime, are they true? Or maybe each headline is true, but when we take look at the crime rate, how many crimes per population per year? We found that New York city is not a dangerous city compared to most other American cities. California, Texis, (应该是德克萨斯 Texas） Florida, Chicago, ..big cites and big states have much higher crime rates than New York or New York state. In fact the North Eastern US, 东北，this is the safest region of the US.
10:15
Here, "as personal and social security are always upmost in the minds of travelers," if something is always upmost in one's mind,
/yes?
/ What does it mean then?
/ Although I am living alone here in Taiwan, my family back in New York is always upmost in my mind.
/They play the most important role in my life.
/That's right.
/To be upmost in one's mind 的用法。
Then what is property crime?
/ Good question. We have the "violent crime" and "property crime". "Violent crime" of course would be somebody attacking you on the street or in your hotel room, hurting you physically. "roperty crime" would be things like theft, somebody steeling from you or mugging, using a knife or a gun to rob you on the street, or maybe steel your car. Those three, theft, mugging and car theft, are property crimes.
mug: 被人用刀，棒子，枪等抢劫。另一意思是杯子。大杯。
mugging, An assault upon a person especially with the intent to rob.
行凶抢劫对人身的袭击，尤指带有抢劫的倾向性
I was mugged.
Ok, let's get ready for the third paragraph, as we finish page one and go to page two.
Besides safety, why do more foreigners visit New York than any other American cities? The answer lies in the character of New York itself. No other city in the worlk is more cosmopolitan. A walk through its hundreds of residential neighborhoods is like walking around the world itself. Place names like China Town and Little Italy can be found on any map of New York. But smaller ethnic neighborhoods also abound. Also, all these groups sponsor annual or seasonal festivals so that nearly every week, one or more of these peoples will share their cultural experiences and food with other New Yorkers.
So in this paragraph, we learned something about the character or nature of New York as a city. The key word here of course is, cosmopolitan, this means that the city is made up of many many different groups of people all living together. China Town, everybody's heard of that, Little Italy is also very famous. But did you know that there are people from Egypt, and Morocco and (Branzeo 国名) and Korea living in New York, too? You can find just about any group of people living there, and this gives New York a very rich cultural experience.
/ Yeah, we can also say, this city is something like a window on the world.
/Great expression, Peter. A window on the world. If you want to see what the world is really like, you don't have to go around the world, you can just walk through New York.
/New York, or New York city in this case, is a window on the world. 注意介词用on.
abound in,
This river abounds in fish. 这河里有丰富的鱼，有大量的鱼。盛产鱼。
abound in
盛产, 富于; 充满, 多
abound with
盛产, 富于; 充满, 多
Because of this unsurpassed (acnick－－＞ethnic) diversity, the restaurant goer will feel that he has died and gone to heaven while in New York. There's hardly a cuisine on the planet that is not represented here. Even better, many of these exotic restaurants are reasonably priced. One is never far from a restaurant in New York, there're thousands of Chinese restaurants alone.
This paragraph gives us another example of how cosmopolitan New York is, and really what this word means. Because now we can talk about ethnic diversity, many different groups of people living together in one big city, and we especially talked about the cuisine, which are available in New York, this word means the cooking styles of a particular country or region in a country. China, for example, is very famous for its cuisines, because there are many different kinds of cooking that we can find in China. In China Town and throughout New York, there are thousands of Chinese restaurants alone. Of course there're thousands of other kinds of restaurants there, too.
/ What is your favorite restaurant and where is it?
/ Let's see, well, in China Town itself, you can get a lot of good Cantonese cooking. But I'll tell you. I think it's true of any country if you really want the the very best food of the country, you really have to go back to the home country itself. I hate to this, but the Chinese food in New York or any other American city, I guess we can't really expect it to be as good as back in the home country, and that's unfortunately true of New York, too.
/unsurpassed, --> unrivaled,
When it comes to singing, Bruce is unsurpassed. " When it comes to singing, " 这个to 是介词，后面跟名词或动名词的。
/ Bruce who?
/Besides the internationally famous sightseeing attractions, mostly in the borough or district of Manhattan, such as the Statue of Liberty, the Wrold trade Center with its two one hundred ten-story towers, Wall Street, the United Nations, and Broadway, many other interesting places await the curious traveler. The Bronx Zoo in the Northern borough of the Bronx is one of the world's best. The borough of Queens offers a great variety of ethnic residential neighborhoods. Brooklyn contains the Botanical Gardens, Coney Island, a beach with an amusement park, and JFK international Airport. Finally, Stalen Island, the smallest borough, still affords a look at what New York used to be like, including a farm!
/ A farm in New York? Doesn't sound possible? After we hear about all of the world-famous attractions in the city, most people think of Manhattan, that is the downtown district when they think of New York, but there're other boroughs or districts. Bronx, Queens, and Brooklyn and State Island.
/ Mmm, the last word, "farm",
I was raised on that farm,
If somebody jokingly says,
"I was raised on that funny farm, " that exactly means 精神病院. _______ 这个在中级讲座中也提到过。
/ That's right. Who let you out?
/
For culture lovers, New York has more museums than any other city, but some of these are not internationally known. A visit to any of these historical, technical, ethnic or academic museums is well worth the time. _________________(在中级美语讲座第23课中有这样的用法,it may be worth your while to do something)
New York's art, music, dance and fashion scenes are a mecca for the young and professional alike. The Internet website for specific information on New York city and state tourism is triple w dot Iloveandwhy dot state dot andwhy dot us. A toll-free number for tourists already in the US or Canada is also available at one eight hundred (call) and (why as)电话名.
This paragraph tells us that there is much more to New York than lots of good food, many different excellent cuisines. The museums in New York are world famous like (Moma地名), Natural, History, museum and (Goodenhyn地名) Museum and so on. But there really are hundreds of smaller museums you could learn anything you wanted. The arts also play a big place in the life of New York city. Lots of people go to New York to enjoy the art's scene. And if you need more information, we provide this here for you at the end of the paragraph.
/ To be a (megga) for ...是什么什么中的胜地。
/ Well, this would mean as (megga) is the most important city in the Muslim World and everybody is supposed to go there at least once in his lifetime. A (Megga) for someplace means that this place is the place which interests most peole in a particular field or in particular area of interest. Let's see here...Miami is a (Meka) for the sun lover.
/ There's a lot of sunshine over there.
-----这个什么Megga, Mekka, 查了老半天，才发现正确的拼法Mecca.
mecca:
A place that is regarded as the center of an activity or interest.
渴望去的地方作为活动或兴趣中心的地方
A goal to which adherents of a religious faith or practice fervently aspire.
向往的目标具有强烈、执著的宗教信仰的目标和抱负
A place visited by many people:
胜地：
a mecca for tourists.
旅游者们的游览胜地
Mecca:
A city of western Saudi Arabia near the coast of the Red Sea. The birthplace of Mohammed, it is the holiest city of Islam and a pilgrimage site for all devout believers of the faith. Population, 550,000.
麦加沙特阿拉伯西部城市，位于红海沿岸。它是伊斯兰教创始人穆罕默德的诞生地，是伊斯兰教最神圣之地，也是笃信伊斯兰教的虔诚教徒的朝拜中心。人口550,000
No matter what your interest is, if it can be found in the urban environment, if can be found in New York. Its eight million citizens hail from every corner of the globe. But they are united in a lover of their challenging but rewarding city. As the locals there say, sure, you'll have to be a little crazy to live in New York, but you'll be nuts to live anywhere else.
This paragraph points out that the city population is eight million, the metropolitan population is sixteen million, and New York offers everything to everybody that could be found in a city.
/ to hail from simply means "come from".
/ Exactly! This is a more colloquial usage, to "hail from", most poeple say "I come from or I am from such a place", but you still hear someone hails from that part of the country.
　
____________Pan. 2003. 2.
____________Pan. 2003. 11. 3 重听校正。
　
1,rampant,
2,ethnic,
3,borough,这个鸟字简直是美语专有的。
A self-governing incorporated town in some U.S. states, such as New Jersey.
自治市镇，自治区美国一些州，如新泽西州享有自治权的市镇
One of the five administrative units of New York City.
纽约行政区纽约市五个行政区的一个
A civil division of the state of Alaska that is the equivalent of a county in most other U.S. states.
阿拉斯加行政区在阿拉斯加州等同于美国其他州中县的行政单位
　
　
　
****************************************************************
...
　
med it twice" ) ranks below other big-population. States Iike California in both violent crime (of much concern to the tourist) and property crime. Other major cities have higher crime rates, too. Thus, the foreign traveler to New York city can feeI more secure here than in most other large metropolitan areas of the U. S..
Besides safety, why do more foreigners visit New York than any other American city? The answer lies in the character of New York itseIf. No other city in the world is more cosmopolitan. A walk through its hundreds of residential neighborhoods is like waIking around the worId itself. Place names like Chinatown and Little Italy can be found on any map of New York, but smaller ethnic neighborhoods also abound. Also, all these groups sponsor annual or seasonaI festivals, so that nearIy every week one or more of these Peoples wilI share their Cultural experiences (and food ! )With other New Yorkers.
Because of this unsurpassed ethnic diversity, the restaurant goer wilI feel that he has died and, gone to heaven while in New York. There is hardly a cuisine on the planet that is not represented here.Even better, many of these exotic restaurants are reasonably priced. One is never far from a restaurant in New York. There are thousands of Chinese restaurants alone.
Besides the intemotionally famous sight-seeing attractions--mostly in the borough (district) of Manhatta--such as the statue of Liberty, the World Trade Center with its two ll0-story towers, Wall Street, the United Nations, and Broadway, many other interesting places await the curious traveler.The Bronx Zoo in the northem borough of the Bronxis one of the worId's best. the borough of Queens offers a great variety of ethnic residential neighbor hoods. Brooklyn contains the Botonical Gardens, Coney Island (a beach with an amusement park), and J. F. K. Intemstional AirPort. Finally, Staten Island, the smallest borough, Still affords a look at what New York used to be like, includihg a farm!
For culture lovers, New York has more museums than any other city, but some of these are not internationally known. A visit to any of these historical, technical, ethnic, or academic museums is well worth the time. New York's art, music, dance, and fashion scenes are a mecca for the young and professional alike. The internet website for specific information on New York city and state tourism is www.iloveny.state.ny.us. A toll-free number for tourists already in the U. S. or Canada is also available at 1-800-CALL-NYS.
No matter what your interest is, if it can be found in an urban environment, it can be found in New York. Its eight million citizens hail from every corner of the globe,but they are united in the love of their challenging but rewarding city. As the locals there say, "Sure, you have to be a little crazy to live in New York, but you'd be nuts to live anywhere else!"
拜访纽约
过去人们总是用这些字眼来描述纽约，当时她是美国最大，最富有和最繁华的城市，今天纽约仍然是美国最大和最有名的城市，但是过去30年来，由于犯罪猖獗的报道在世界各地成为头条新闻，使得她的一些“好”名声直线下降。这些报道究竟真相如何？纽约仍是观光的“好”地方吗？如果是的话，观光客在纽约能做什么呢？咱们这就来仔细地探访一下这个美国首屈一指的城市吧。
首先，个人和社会安全向来是游客心中最关切的事，那么纽约到底有多“危险”呢？尽管有那么多触目惊心的头条新闻，位于美国东北部的纽约仍是美国最安全的城市之一。事实上，纽约州（包括纽约市棗于是有“纽约州的纽约市，这城市好得人们称呼它两次”）在暴力犯罪（这是观光客最关心的）和财物犯罪上的排名比其它人口众多的州棗如加州，还来得低。其他主要城市的犯罪率也比它高。因此，比起大部分其它的美国都会区，来纽约的外国游客在此地能够觉得比较安全。
除了安全之外，到纽约的外国人为何比到美国任何其它城市多呢？答案在于纽约本身的特色。世界上没有任何一个比它更国际化。走一趟它数以百计的住宅区就象走过全世界一样。诸如“中国城”和“小意大利”等地名在纽约市的任何地图上都找得到，但较小的种族社区也有很多。此外，所有这些族群团体每年或每季都要会赞助举行庆典活动，因此几乎每个礼拜都会有一个或多个民族和其它纽约人共同分享他们的文化经验（和食物）。
由于这种无与伦比的种族多样性，经常上餐厅的人到了纽约会觉得仿佛死后上了天堂一般。地球上几乎没有一道菜在这里找不到。更棒的是，许多这些异国风味的餐厅消费价格都很公道。在纽约到处都是餐厅，而光是中国餐厅就有几千家之多。
除了国际闻名的观光胜地棗大部分在曼哈顿区棗例如自由女神像、由两座110层大楼组成的世贸中心、华尔街、联合国总部和百老汇等，还有其他许多有趣的地方等着好奇的游客去参观。位于东北部布朗克斯区的布朗克斯动物园是世界上最棒的动物园之一。皇后区则有各个不同种族的住宅区。布鲁克林区则包含植物园、科尼岛（一座有游乐场的海滩）和约翰·肯尼迪国际机场。最后还有听坦登岛，这最小的行政区仍保有纽约市往昔的风貌，包括一座农场在内！
对爱好文化的人来说，纽约的博物馆比其他任何城市都多，但有些并非国际知名的。不管是参观历史、科技、种族或是学术博物馆所花的时间都是很值得。纽约的艺术、音乐、舞蹈和流行服饰圈对年轻人和专业人士同样都是心所向往之处。有关纽约市的详细资讯和纽约州的观光旅游可在下列网址找到：WWW.ILOVENY.STATE.NY.SU。 而人已经在美国或加拿大的游客则可打免费电话，号码是1-800-CALL-NYS。
不论你的兴趣为何，只要是在都市环境中可以找到的，在纽约就一定找得到。它的800万市民来处全球各个角落，因为爱上这个要拼才会赢的城市而相聚在一起。正如那儿的当地人所说：“当然，居住在纽约你必须有点疯狂，但除非发疯了，否则你不会搬到其他任何地方去住！

steven19731001

Welcome back to Radio English on Sunday. Today we have unit two for you, beginning on page ten of your book, we're going to take another look at the United States, but today a very different look from that of last week. Last week we visited the largest city and the most cosmopolitan city in the United States, of course, New York. But today we are going to look at an ethnic groups, which is really quite different from all the others living in the US. Today, then, we are looking at the Amish.
---关于Amish, 在中级美语讲座第75，76讲也有提到过。
Ok, let's take a look at our first paragraph.
In the land of Rock'n'roll, the space shuttle and computerized living, who could imagine that about fifty thousand Americans do not use telephones, electric lights or cars? Not because they are poor but our of choice. As hard as this may be to imagine, the Amish, or more properly, the Amish Mennonites, still live a traditional rural lifestyle, direct from seventeen century Europe.
When we think of the US, we often think of rock'n'roll music, space shuttle and space (sexproration), and of course, all those computers. But today, right now, there're about fifty thousand Americans who don't dance to rock'n'roll, don't know much about the space shuttle, and don't use computers. They don't even use telephones or electric lights. And they don't do this because they are poor or because they jsut don't want them. These people are following a particular lifestyle which is actually not American. It's European, and it's about four hundred years old and in the rest of the article, we'll find out more about these interesting people.
/ These people are unique, in a sense, that they choose to lead a very simple lifestyle.
/ Very simple.
/ If you were on of them, then you will drop there, is this all right?
/ Probably I cannot imagine life without a refrigerator. haha.
dance to music, 不要说dance with music, 这在中级美语讲座中讲了不知几遍了。
dance with + 人。
out of choice, 出自选择，
out of curiosity, 出于好奇心，
out of sympathy, 出于同情。
/Out of sympathy, I gave the beggar some change. ---beggar->pauper, 见中级
As hard as this may be to imagine, ----> Hard as it may be to imagine,
Odd as it may be, ...见中级部分。这种句构后面绝不要再加but, 英语里不用两个连词的。
Though she is beautiful, I don't like her.
Beautiful as she is, I don't like her.
To understand these unique Americans better, it is necessary to understand their history. Beginning with the revolution started by (Marton Loser 人名），leader of the Protestant Reformation in Germany in the sixteen century, Europe was wracked by religious wars for several hundred years. Modern Europe is a product of these wars, and of the political and religious philosophies of those times.
The main figures in this tragic period were the Roman Catholic Church and the Protestants, those who rebelled against papal rule from Rome. Among the thousands of splinter groups formed outside of Rome's religious rule were the Mennonites, a group of particularly conservative, rural Christians situated in what is today Switzerland, part of eastern France, and southern Germany.
papal: 罗马教皇的，－－－这种鸟字好象一般也碰不到。
---6:42----Pan: Sometimes Peter Lai's <Advanced American English> sounds somewhat boring, I hate to say this.  It's probably because that they talked too much about the American culture. Like this lesson, until now I know almost nothing about the Amish and I don't take them as something important to English learning.
To learn their culture, you've got to learn a lot of meaningless names of persons and places, which can do nothing but make things boring and dull to death. Gosh! Do I have to learn these goddamn names? I wonder if there's someone who really is interested in how they came to be and where they hailed from.
Well, people say, to learn a language well, to learn their culture well! Isn't it something of Americanization? I am sick of that, but I'm afraid we don't have alternative.
So, let's just set the teeth and go on.  No sweet without sweat; I guess so.
_____________________
　
　
Ok. Summary of this paragraph would be what we see in the first sentence, the key word, history. That is if you want to understand today's Amish, we have to go back to Europe, where they, or their ideas came from, and goes all the way back to the sixteen century.
Well, to make a long story short, we can say that because of all the religious wars in Europe, first, the Rome Catholic Church was the only Christian church in Europe, but during the sixteen century, the other northern and western groups of Europeans rebelled against, or broke away from, rule in Rome for (the catholic church ,) and set up hundreds and even thousands of small churches, which we called Protestants. One of these was the Mennonites, and they used to live in Switzerland 瑞士, part of eastern France and southern Germany.
/ Well, this paragraph in terms of (..) usage, ..complicated, however, we do have very beautiful translation.
to be wracked by religious wars...what does this "wracked" mean?
/Well, let me give you another example I think you can get the idea, we say that a person has a very very high fever, maybe has with malaria, that his body is wracked by the fever. So this great shaking and trembling when someone has a very high fever. And if a country or an area is wracked by war, it is shaken by this war, it is almost destroyed by this or these great wars.
/wracked, 几乎被破坏的，-->ruined,
to rebel against, --->rebellious, adj,
To make a long story short, the Mennonite Amish was so conservative that they made more enemies and friends. In order to preserve their peculiar lifestyle, they begin to immigrate to the British Colonies in North America in about seventeen twenty before Canada and the United States were formed as independent countries. There they found the religious freedom they had sought. Amish settlements sprang up in the colonies and territories of (Pensovania地名) Ohio 俄亥俄 and Indiana as well as in (Onterial地名) in what is today, Canada. Surprisingly, there are no Amish groups today in Europe.
----seek, sought, sought, --->pursue
To try to locate or discover; search for.
寻找试图寻找或发现；寻找
To endeavor to obtain or reach:
追求努力得到或达到：
seek a college education.
努力获得高等教育
seek fame
求名
seek help
求助
seek one's home
回家
seek one's bed
就寝
I have never sought to hide my views.
我从不企图隐瞒自已的观点。
I will seek my doctor's advice.
我将征求医生的意见。
（常与for, after连用）搜寻，寻找，寻觅
We sought an answer to the question, but couldn't find one.
我们寻求这个问题的答案，可是没能找到。
They are seeking the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health.
他们在寻找有益于他们健康的最合理的饮食。
After seeking out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress.
"她认出那个粗鲁无礼的售货员之后,要他拿那同一件衣服看看。"
---spring up,
跳上来, 发生, 萌芽, 生长, 出现, spring, sprang, sprung.
Again, this paragraph tells us something (about) the history of the Mennonites, not in Europe, but in their travels Northern America, looking for religious freedom. And they set themselves up in small communities in the Northeast and mid-west of the US, and in the large area called Ontario, this is a province of Canada. We are surprised to learn that the Amish came from Europe but there're no Amish today still in Europe.
/Bruce, have you seen Amish groups yourself in the US?
/Well, when I was traveling in (Pensovinia地名), which we'll talk about more in a moment, I did see on the world, a horse and buggy with an Amish family in the buggy.
to make a long story short, 长话短说，
To make the long story short, I love you.....no more. haha.
/Which girlfriend? I heard that there're so many of them...
preserve, 保存，保护，保持，这里指keep的意思，保持他们的生活方式。这个字还有一个意思是v, 做成蜜饯，腌制，preserved vegetables 就是指我们吃的咸菜，霉干菜。这种用法请参考中级讲座部分。
reserve, v, 通常用作“预定，预约”房间，餐馆的意思。to reserve a room. 非常常用。
conserve, v, 也是“保存，保藏”，的意思，但通常表示“节约使用”。
/ Well, "conserve" is something we should all do even if we don't know the word in English, we should not waste resources, we should conserve energy, conserve paper, conserve clothing, don't waste, conserve.
conserve, 之一，save,
To use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste:
节约谨慎或节省地使用；避免浪费：
kept the thermostat lower to conserve energy.
减少自动调温机的使用以节约能源
"eople have to learn to conserve water anytime, especially during the drought."
"大家必须学会节约用水,特别是在干旱期间。"
节约能源，to conserve energy,
15:00
Little has changed about their lifestyle since then. Just how conservative are the Amish? A group of Amish looks like a cast from a biblical movie set. All the men wear large brimmed black hats, beards, but not mustaches. And clothes made by their wives. The women wear a hair covering called a bonnet, long dresses and black shoes. Even though all Amish men and women marry, you will not see a wedding ring, for even this simplest type of jewelry is banned among them. The Amish are primarily farmers and good ones. Despite the fact that they do not use modern farm machinery. Their children are educated in local primary schools, but secondary education is in the home. Sundays are spent mostly in church. An old dialect of German mixed with English, is used in church and at home. Their lives are uncomplicated, and few Amish leave their homes to enter the mainstream American society.
----biblical: adj, 圣经的，
As Peter said, we're going to take a look at the Amish at their looks. What do these people look like? We found that they mostly dressed in black, and they made their own clothing. The men wear hats and beards, but not mustaches, (Be careful, Bruce uses "beards" and "mustaches" instead of "beard" and "mustache". Pan.) The women cover their hair in bonnet, and they wear long dresses and black shoes. No, although most of them married, you will not find a wedding ring because jewelry is considered a no-no. That's how conservative these people are. They don't want to decorate themselves in any way, or use any machinery, even to help them on their farms. In schools, at least primary school, Amish children are educated with other American children, but after the six grade, they are educated at home most in Bible reading and learning how to write and of course, how to manage farm. These simple people live an uncomplicated lifestyle, and they seem to be very happy. Few of them leave their homes.
/ Wow, their lifestyle is environmentally friendly.
/ Very. Yeah, they don't use anything that's proving they use everything that is natural or organic. This is a word you can learn, ORGANIC. They don't use chemicals on their farms so it is organic food.
environmentally friendly, 前一个是adv, 后一个是 adj, 对环境很友好的，注重环保的，
That kind of thing like jewelry is considered a no-no.
"No-no" is a slang expression. Something which you may not do, or something which is banned, the word we use in that paragraph. In Singapore 新加坡 chewing gum is a no-no.
/Smoking in this room is considered a no-no. ----->taboo.
关于这个no-no, 在中级讲座中也有提到过。＿＿＿＿Pan.
Rural (Pensalvenia地名）where most of the Amish live is beautiful countryside. If you have the opportunity to drive through the gentle, rolling hills amidst lush farmlands, perhaps you will see a horse and buggy driven by a family just mostly in black. These are the Amish, an enduring and an endearing people.
－－－Pan:　people前如果有a, 那么这个people表示民族而不是一个人。中级讲座中也有提到过。
enduring:　不朽的，
Lasting; continuing; durable:
持久的；不间断的；忍耐的：
a novel of enduring interest.
带有持久兴趣的小说
持久的, 永久的
a poet of enduring greatness
一位不朽的伟大诗人
endearing,
Inspiring affection or warm sympathy:
惹人喜爱的，令人怜爱的：
the endearing charm of a little child.
小孩子惹人爱怜的特性
Here we go to one of the places where you are likely to find the Amish, rural (Pensovenia, 地名,) especially this countryside in the northern and northwestern part of the State, we just thought of New York States, and you will see rolling hills. This means the hills are not very tall, and there will be trees on top of the hills but also a lot of farmlands where they live as well as other mainstream Americans. And you won't see them in cars because they don't drive cars. They use a horse and buggy. "Buggy" is an old (rood) for wagon, and the family is almost always together, their lifestyle includes lots and lots of time spent with each other. They don't stay alone very long.
/ I think some (bristritures) should go over there to have some sort of survey in terms of lives (band), probably they'll lead a very long life, just because, you know, they walk instead of the, you know, riding a bus or something. They are quite active, so to speak.
/ They don't smoke and they don't drink. And they're very active, as you said, they probably go to bed and wake up early, a regular lifestyle.
enduring,
Well, it means that for three hundred years, the Amish had not changed very much, so their lifestyle is enduring, and most people respect the Amish, even if they don't want to life that way. The Amish are considered a good people, so they are also endearing.
Pan___________________________2003.2.
　
　
　
***************************************************************
The original article--offered by a friend of mine.----Pan.
　
　
The Amish
In the land of rock and roll, the space shuttle, and computerized living, who could imagine that about 50000 Americans do not use telepghones, electric lights, or cars, not because they are poor, but out of choice? As hard as this may be to imagine, the Amish, or more properly, the Amish Mennonites, still live a traditional, rural lifestyle direct from 17th century Europe!
To understand these unique Americans better, it is neceesary to understand their history. Beginning with the revolution started by Martin Luther, leader of the Protestant Reformation in Germany in the 16th century, Europe was wracked by religious wars for several hundred years. Modern Europe is a product of these wars and of the political and religious philosophies of those times. The main figures in this tragic period were the Roman Catholic Church and the Protestants, those who rebelled against papal rule from Rome. Among the thousands of splinter groups formed outside of Rome's religious rule were the Mennonites, a group of particularly conservative, rural Christians situated in what is today Switzerland, part of eastern France, and southern Germany.
To make a long story short, the Mennonite Amish were so conservative that they made more enemies than friends. In order to preserve their peculiar lifestyle, they began to immigrate to the British colonies in North America in about 1720 (before Canada and the United States were formed as independent countries). There they found the religious freedom they had sought. Amish settlements sprang up in the colonies and territories of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana as well as in Ontario, in what is today Canada. Surprisingly, there are no Amish groups today in Europe.
Little has changed about their lifestyle since then. Just how conservative are the Amish? A group of Amish looks like a cast from a biblical movie set. All the men wear large brimmed black hats, beards (but not mustaches), and clothes made by their wives. The women wear a hair covering called a bonnet, long dresses, and black shoes. Even though all Amish men and women marry, you will not see a wedding ring, for even this simplest type of jewelry is banned among them. The Amish are primarily farmers , and good ones, despite the fact that they do not use modern farm machinery. Their children are educated in local primary schools, but secondary education is in the home. Sundays are spent mostly in church. An old dialect of German mixed with English is used in church and at home. Their lives are uncomplicated and few Amish leave their homes to enter the mainstream American society.
Rural Pennsylvania where most of the Amish live is beautiful countryside. If you have the opportunity to drive through the gentle, rolling hills amidst lush farmlands, perhaps you will see a horse and buggy driven by a family dressed mostly in black. These are the Amish, an enduring and endearing people.
亚米希人
在摇滚乐、航天器和电脑化生活的国度里，谁会想到有大约5万名美国人不用电话、电灯或汽车，不是因为它们穷，而是出于自由选择吗 ？同样令人难以想象的是，亚米希人，或更正确的称呼棗亚米希·门诺那特人，如今仍过着17世纪欧洲延续下来的传统乡村生活方式呢！
想更进一步了解这些独特的美国人，我们必须了解他们的历史。自16世纪德国新教徒改革领袖马丁·路德所发起的革命之后数百年间，欧洲就饱受宗教战争的摧残。现代欧洲是这些战争和当时政治和宗教哲学的产物。这段悲剧时期的主角是罗马天主教会反罗马教皇统治的新教徒们。在数以千计脱离罗马宗教统治而形成的支派，门诺那特人是其中特别保守，属于乡间基督徒的一支，他们当时聚居在今天的瑞士、法国东部的一部分地区和德国南部一带。
长话短说，亚米希·门那特人由于太过保守以致树立的敌人比交到的朋友还多。为了保存他们独特的生活方式，他们于1720年左右（在加拿大和美国成为独立国家之前）开始移居到北美的英国殖民地。在那儿他们找到追求已久的宗教自由。亚米希人的新建村落出现在宾西法尼亚州、俄亥俄州和印第安那州，以及现今的加拿大安大略省等殖民区和领地。令人惊讶的是，欧洲现在竟没有亚米希人团体。
自从那时开始，他们生活方式几乎没有改变。亚米希人到底有多么保守？一群亚米希人看起来就像圣经电影中的一个场景。男人都戴着有帽檐儿的黑色大帽子、留胡子（但不留八字胡），穿妻子亲手做的衣服。女人都戴着一种绑带子的包头软帽，穿连衣裙和黑色的鞋子。尽管亚米希人也男婚女嫁，你却看不到一只结婚戒指，因为即使这种形式最简单的珠宝，在他们当中也是被禁止的。亚米希人主要是农民，而且尽管不使用现代农耕机械，他们还是把农事做得很好。他们的孩子在当地的小学受教育，但中等教育却在家里教授。礼拜天大多在教堂里度过。上教堂和在家时，他们使用一种混合德语和英语的古老方言。他们的生活不复杂，而且很少有业米希人离开家进入美国主流社会。
田园式的宾西法尼亚州有着美丽的乡间，大部分的亚米希人就居住于此。如果你有机会开车穿过那些绿油油农田中静谧、逶迤的山丘，也许你会看见驾着马车大部分都穿着黑色衣服的一家人。这些就是业米希人，一个屹立不动令人喜爱的民族。

araqua

很好的 不知有没有下文阿